When do we use the words it lacks meaning or has meaning? When does meaning exist and when does it disappear? If we look closely, when we use these words it will be evident. So begins an article in the Kyeongyang magazine by a university sociology professor on death's loss of meaning.
An example would be doing something that has lost its utility or connectedness, we say it has lost its meaning. In contrast, when unexpectedly a word or action becomes useful or connected to something, do we not say it becomes meaningful? Meaning ceases to exist when we have no relationship or ability to form a relationship.
The heart of culture is meaning and the heart of meaning is a relationship. When we have a relationship we have meaning without a relationship we have no meaning. Presently in our society, the meaning of death is damaged. It has become taboo. It can be inferred that the society in which we live has difficulty understanding death and its cultural meaning and relationship. Death's relationship to the culture is missing.
We remember the song from the past: "100 meters before meeting her" the professor uses this song to explain her thesis. To the protagonist of the song, 100 meters has great meaning since he will be meeting his love. However, let us suppose that she is not there. The meaning of 100 meters disappears. It is that woman that gives the sentence meaning.
The reason the meaning of death is difficult to express is the loss of its transcendence and its lack of connectedness with life. As the secularization and scientification of society continue, the tendency to understand death as the end of life and not in relation to the beyond is increasing. Life is the end, isn't it? Gives us the understanding of many.
When death is seen as the complete end of life, it is not easy to understand death in any relationship. Logically this is the result. When death is seen as the end of all— what do you have? Nothing, consequently, relationship and hope cease.
Death has lost its meaning, and the road that leads to death becomes empty. Logically this is what is happening! Walking the road to meet the woman who is not there. Logically one step follows another we don't mean to glorify pain but for many facing death the accompanying bodily and mental pain and attempt to see it in a positive way is blocked and gradually life itself becomes murky.
Even though those who are relatively young and healthy are not conscious of the situation; when old and sick the reality of their situation becomes present, this is no small matter.
When death and life do not have a satisfactory relationship in our society we meet up with difficulties especially when old and sick. We are not able to give meaning to life. And no one is able to escape the inevitability of the process.
Historically, religions have answered the questions surrounding death. In the province of transcendence, precedence should be given to religion. Not only within religion as an institution but placing death in a relationship with transcendence must be at the heart of our society's understanding of death. The human person is a transcendent being fundamentally orientated to the ultimate spiritual reality. The writer is anxious to see what answers religion will give to our generation on death.
Thursday, January 30, 2020
Tuesday, January 28, 2020
Beyond Populism Dreaming of Community
(1981-1996), in a survey that was made, attracted attention because of the lack of trust in Korean society (74.3%).
Generation Z has strong individualistic values, independent, and considers economic value important; different from the generations X and Y (1981-1996) that pursued idealism. They have the notion that our society is not fair and expect little from political change, no matter the efforts. They have little hope in the future and will be the future leaders in Korean society.
Generation Z also pays attention to populism, which is happening around the world. The uncertain reality brought about by inequality, globalization, and the information society is expressed in their disappointment and anger towards the older generations who are incapable of solving the problems. Anti-immigration policy, the rejection of social minorities, and Brexit have emerged as a result of populism. In our society, the influence of populism is expected to grow even more because of distrust and dissatisfaction caused by inequality. Consequently, it is difficult for society to rule out hopelessness and indifference in the future of the young.
The new year 2020 (Lunar New Year) should be opening up new expectations and hopes. But the tasks that should have been resolved last year remain unresolved which does little to energize society. The social welfare community also has many challenges to solve. Social welfare critics point out that even if it takes time, accurate analysis of reality has to be preceded otherwise we have only short-term solutions.
Pope Francis is concerned about populism that results from state supremacy. Populism is a risk factor in our society that has brought Nazism and Fascism into world history, an attempt to make everything uniform works against the integration of society The Pope emphasizes the importance of dialogue and listening as a driving force in the fundamental process of solving problems relating to populism. Starting from the values of "self-identity", Christian and Human values, the division can be healed by working together for the underprivileged, children, the elderly, the sick, and young people deprived of hope.
The welfare policy for 2020 should be preceded by the establishment of a good delivery system to escape the stigma of wasting welfare spending. Accurate identification of beneficiaries and delivery can help ensure that people in need will receive the benefits.
In this context, dialogue needs to be a part of the populism emerging from the current political and economic situation. When attitudes and behaviors communicate, problems are solved, integration achieved. Innovation takes place when positions are harmonized. To overcome divisions and conflicts and for a better welfare system rather than an inconvenient symbiosis, the welfare community needs to work together for change.
Sunday, January 26, 2020
Ecumenism In Korea
Christians around the world celebrated the Christian Unity Prayer Week from January 18 to January 25, St. Paul the Apostle's Feast of Conversion. At this time Christians all over the world prayed together to overcome internal divisions and to be one in Christ.
The Catholic Weekly had a featured article on the efforts of the different Christian communities in Korea to work towards unity and solidarity among Christians.
Christianity after Jesus Christ was divided into various denominations. One of the big divisions came in 1054 with the Eastern and Western churches excommunicating each other and in the 16th-century with the "Reformation." Despite the fact that Jesus prayed, "Let these men be one, as the Father and I are one" (John 17:11). Christian unity, therefore, is the essence of the church, the missionary work of the church, bringing Christ's salvation to all.
Christianity after Jesus Christ was divided into various denominations. One of the big divisions came in 1054 with the Eastern and Western churches excommunicating each other and in the 16th-century with the "Reformation." Despite the fact that Jesus prayed, "Let these men be one, as the Father and I are one" (John 17:11). Christian unity, therefore, is the essence of the church, the missionary work of the church, bringing Christ's salvation to all.
But the movement for divided Christian unity did not begin until the 20th century. The Anglican Church began the Christian Unity Prayer Movement during the week of January 18-25, in 1908. At that time, January 18 was the feast of St. Peter the Apostle (now February 22), and Jan. 25 was the feast of the conversion of St. Paul. This implied that all churches will be one, centered on the Apostle Peter.
The Catholic Church took an active part in the ecumenical movement on the occasion of the Second Vatican Council's Decree on Ecumenism which provided a theological outlook for the Catholic and Protestant Churches to seek unity.
After 1967, Catholics with the Lutherans formed a joint committee to continue the theological dialogue, resulting in the 1999 joint declaration on the Doctrine of Justification; in 2006, a joint declaration on the doctrine of justification was signed with the Methodists.
The seeds of the Gospel have been in Korea for over 230 years. The Catholic Church first entered during the Joseon Dynasty period and shortly after incurred persecution; towards the end of the Joseon Dynasty, the Protestants came to Korea. The relationship between them was cold with little thought of cooperation and unity. The Protestants had added difficulty among themselves with many divisions.
However, the Second Vatican Council also sowed seeds of unity in Korea. In 1967, the Episcopal Conference and the Korean Christian Church Council held their first United Prayer Meeting.
Since 1986, the Unity Prayer Movement began with the participation of the Korean Orthodox Church and the Christian Korean Lutheran Society. Since then, ecumenism has expanded with the participation of various denominations, expanding into denominational exchanges such as ecumenical forums, theological dialogue, and exchanges of theological students.
In January 1968, Catholics and Protestants organized a translation committee to carry out a joint translation of the Bible project. As a result, the Common Bible was published around Resurrection Day in 1977.
As recent as 2017 the Vatican and the Lutheran Federation wrote together From Conflict to Communion and Korean Catholic and Protestant theologians together translated the document, the first after the translation of the Bible in 1977.
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However, the Second Vatican Council also sowed seeds of unity in Korea. In 1967, the Episcopal Conference and the Korean Christian Church Council held their first United Prayer Meeting.
Since 1986, the Unity Prayer Movement began with the participation of the Korean Orthodox Church and the Christian Korean Lutheran Society. Since then, ecumenism has expanded with the participation of various denominations, expanding into denominational exchanges such as ecumenical forums, theological dialogue, and exchanges of theological students.
In January 1968, Catholics and Protestants organized a translation committee to carry out a joint translation of the Bible project. As a result, the Common Bible was published around Resurrection Day in 1977.
As recent as 2017 the Vatican and the Lutheran Federation wrote together From Conflict to Communion and Korean Catholic and Protestant theologians together translated the document, the first after the translation of the Bible in 1977.
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Friday, January 24, 2020
Thoughts for the Lunar New Year...
In the recent bulletin for priests, reprinted were the resolutions from the past of the Human Development Committee-Bishops, Conference of Korea.
We will be celebrating the lunar new year on Jan. 25th. It will be preceded by a red-letter day on Friday and end with Monday another red-letter day. It will be a welcomed four-day rest on one of the most favored holidays of the year. This year will be the year of the rat.
The resolutions are in the form of a prayer. In the New Year let us not forget that You are present in our daily lives in our history and world. Not to forget that we live in front of You.
In the new year, let us see You in the poor, suffering, oppressed, and marginalized among our neighbors.
May the New Year make us more aware of the truth, not only in the churches but also on the ground, in the world, on earth all around us.
Pray that solidarity and unity with the poor no longer be conveyed in a contrary manner in the New Year.
Let me be closer to You in the new year. Let your spirit work through me like breath and light.
Let us not show You off in the New Year to satisfy our greed.
May our empty heart be larger in the new year. Do not be overconfident on what you know, never absolutize what you have made your standard and be open to change.
Let us in the New Year cry together with our neighbors, nature and all those in pain. Let us strike our breasts together. Trust in You. And walk together with You.
Let the yearning for your kingdom be at the center of our lives in the New Year. May your kingdom, the longings and dreams of the living and those who have died and are with You, become clearer who live in the church community.
And in the New Year, let us not give up on your kingdom, the truth, the world, our neighbors, the poor and ourselves and health necessary.
Happy Lunar New Year!
We will be celebrating the lunar new year on Jan. 25th. It will be preceded by a red-letter day on Friday and end with Monday another red-letter day. It will be a welcomed four-day rest on one of the most favored holidays of the year. This year will be the year of the rat.
The resolutions are in the form of a prayer. In the New Year let us not forget that You are present in our daily lives in our history and world. Not to forget that we live in front of You.
In the new year, let us see You in the poor, suffering, oppressed, and marginalized among our neighbors.
May the New Year make us more aware of the truth, not only in the churches but also on the ground, in the world, on earth all around us.
Pray that solidarity and unity with the poor no longer be conveyed in a contrary manner in the New Year.
Let me be closer to You in the new year. Let your spirit work through me like breath and light.
Let us not show You off in the New Year to satisfy our greed.
May our empty heart be larger in the new year. Do not be overconfident on what you know, never absolutize what you have made your standard and be open to change.
Let us in the New Year cry together with our neighbors, nature and all those in pain. Let us strike our breasts together. Trust in You. And walk together with You.
Let the yearning for your kingdom be at the center of our lives in the New Year. May your kingdom, the longings and dreams of the living and those who have died and are with You, become clearer who live in the church community.
And in the New Year, let us not give up on your kingdom, the truth, the world, our neighbors, the poor and ourselves and health necessary.
Happy Lunar New Year!
Wednesday, January 22, 2020
Scientific Age and Scientism
In the year 2015 the Israeli historian Yuval Harari who wrote: Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind, was translated into Korean and continues to be a best seller.
A Jesuit researcher in the relationship of science and religion at Sogang University, in an article in the Kyeongyang magazine, gives the readers the place of 'scientism' in our present world.
He takes a paragraph from the book and introduces it to the readers. "According to biology humans were not only not created but they were endowed with nothing from the 'creator'. Existence is only a meaningless evolutionary process. Individuals have been born into existence without purpose. From the creator we were endowed should be translated merely as born."
How can a historian not a scientist speak such words with confidence? And how can the readers of these words accept them as written?
Science explores the world and nature through the many kinds of rational inferences that exist in the world. Through its search, it has influenced our lives and thinking in many ways. It is precisely this influence that Yuval Harari presents to his readers.
From the beginning, natural science to be more exact natural philosophy, began with religion. Our ancestors looking at the night sky, the gleaming ocean of stars, the majesty of the sunset and sunrise were overcome with awe which gave birth both to religion and natural science. "Since through the grandeur and the beauty of the creatures we may, by analogy, contemplate their Author" (Wisdom 13:5).
In response to the beauty of creation, we have the birth of twins: a religion which in awe began to ask who was the creator and the other twin began to ask from the same awe, its nature, and order and pursued its study.
However, sadly in the 18th century from the time of the enlightenment, atheism and the movement against religion arose.
In France, we can easily see the movement against religion. During the French Revolution (1787-1799) all the Carthusian monasteries were closed and property confiscated. This continued under the reign of Napoleon only five monasteries continued to exist. In Portugal, Spain, and Switzerland we have the same.
During this period against religion, the scientists raised questions and doubts about the unseen world: God, angels, soul, and the church's teaching. With the rise of science, we have very naturally the importance of the material and the spiritual was ignored and opposed.
Since this has been the situation for hundreds of years it is now understood by many that Science and Religion can not exist together. For some of the leaders of this movement, God doesn't only not exist he is not needed. With mockery, they confidently express their opinion.
Many ordinary citizens sympathize and support this position and foresee shortly that all will be answered by science. In the 21st century, we see this antipathy towards religion because religion is seen as superstition and needed by the weak members of society.
Can science answer all our questions? Scientism says yes, and sees the teachings of religion as fabrications and delusions.
Richard Dawkin's The God Delusion is a good example of this thinking. Most of the natural scientist in the world today are atheists. This scientism is not something that we can dismiss off-hand for it is influencing our society.
We can see this, not only in the young who were brought up as Catholics but in the other religious communities with the decrease of young people participating in religious life.
Does science succeed in giving answers to all our questions? Does religion in this world environment still have meaning? As Christians in this scientific world in which we live, we must understand what is going on, accurately identify the problems, and have answers.
A Jesuit researcher in the relationship of science and religion at Sogang University, in an article in the Kyeongyang magazine, gives the readers the place of 'scientism' in our present world.
He takes a paragraph from the book and introduces it to the readers. "According to biology humans were not only not created but they were endowed with nothing from the 'creator'. Existence is only a meaningless evolutionary process. Individuals have been born into existence without purpose. From the creator we were endowed should be translated merely as born."
How can a historian not a scientist speak such words with confidence? And how can the readers of these words accept them as written?
Science explores the world and nature through the many kinds of rational inferences that exist in the world. Through its search, it has influenced our lives and thinking in many ways. It is precisely this influence that Yuval Harari presents to his readers.
From the beginning, natural science to be more exact natural philosophy, began with religion. Our ancestors looking at the night sky, the gleaming ocean of stars, the majesty of the sunset and sunrise were overcome with awe which gave birth both to religion and natural science. "Since through the grandeur and the beauty of the creatures we may, by analogy, contemplate their Author" (Wisdom 13:5).
In response to the beauty of creation, we have the birth of twins: a religion which in awe began to ask who was the creator and the other twin began to ask from the same awe, its nature, and order and pursued its study.
However, sadly in the 18th century from the time of the enlightenment, atheism and the movement against religion arose.
In France, we can easily see the movement against religion. During the French Revolution (1787-1799) all the Carthusian monasteries were closed and property confiscated. This continued under the reign of Napoleon only five monasteries continued to exist. In Portugal, Spain, and Switzerland we have the same.
During this period against religion, the scientists raised questions and doubts about the unseen world: God, angels, soul, and the church's teaching. With the rise of science, we have very naturally the importance of the material and the spiritual was ignored and opposed.
Since this has been the situation for hundreds of years it is now understood by many that Science and Religion can not exist together. For some of the leaders of this movement, God doesn't only not exist he is not needed. With mockery, they confidently express their opinion.
Many ordinary citizens sympathize and support this position and foresee shortly that all will be answered by science. In the 21st century, we see this antipathy towards religion because religion is seen as superstition and needed by the weak members of society.
Can science answer all our questions? Scientism says yes, and sees the teachings of religion as fabrications and delusions.
Richard Dawkin's The God Delusion is a good example of this thinking. Most of the natural scientist in the world today are atheists. This scientism is not something that we can dismiss off-hand for it is influencing our society.
We can see this, not only in the young who were brought up as Catholics but in the other religious communities with the decrease of young people participating in religious life.
Does science succeed in giving answers to all our questions? Does religion in this world environment still have meaning? As Christians in this scientific world in which we live, we must understand what is going on, accurately identify the problems, and have answers.
Monday, January 20, 2020
Gap Between Life and Religion
In a world where money is everything... the life of the Christians and religion little by little are separating. This is not only true in Korea but we see this in many other parts of the world. The Catholic Weekly gives us some statistics of the situation in the Korean Catholic Church. In 2020, the Bishop's Korean Catholic Pastoral Institute analyzed the Korean Catholic Church Statistics for the past 20 years from 1999 to 2018.
Although the numbers of Catholics continue to increase since 1999, there was a 48.6 percent increase of believers but a consistent yearly decrease in the numbers coming into the church. Last year the increase was 0.9% the lowest it's ever been.
Those entering the church, which can be used to check the religious life of believers, continue to fall. In 2014, there was a temporary increase of 2.2%. This can be seen as a "Francisco effect" influenced by Pope Francis' visit to Korea that year.
The ratio of believers to the total population has risen by about 0.1% each year, from 8.3% in 1999 to 11.1% in 2018. However, the Sunday Mass attendance rate, the main indicator of the believer's life of faith, fell more than 10% from 29.5% in 1999 to 18.3% in 2018. The proportion of believers is increasing but the rate of believers who participate in Sunday Mass, the duty of believers, is falling rapidly.
It is worth paying attention to the decline in the attendance rate of believers at Sunday Mass. In a rapidly changing world, the polarization of life, materialism, and the reality of a competitive society are deeply rooted in the church, showing the gap between believers' lives and their beliefs. It is not only recently that the issue of apathy in the church has been highlighted. The Church has been trying to identify and solve these problems, represented by statistical numbers.
The statistics over the past two decades are not optimistic. There are many negatives, a decline in believer growth, a decline in mass attendance and a decrease in the number of children. Believers are turning away from the church because of the anxiety of life due to secularism, relativistic values, extreme consumerism, individualism, and neoliberal capitalism. The public's appetite for Catholicism is also decreasing.
The Catholic Pastoral Institute of Korea proposed a solution to the pastors: get rid of authoritarianism and become a church of the poor. It is time for the pastors to draw people by their human attractiveness as priests, and concern for the poor and the marginalized. Pope Francis wanted pastors "who smell like their sheep"; he said he wanted a church "that is poor and for the poor." He envisioned the church as a field hospital, where those shattered by a "throwaway culture" can receive mercy's balm. In all of this, Pope Francis sought to move the church toward the very same goal his predecessors had desired: a "new evangelization for the world and a "new springtime" for Catholicism.
POSTSCRIPT: A Gallup Survey on religious preference among the citizens of Korea excepting Chejudo was made in May of 2019. Citizens from 13 years old and above were the subjects of the personal interviews of 1,700 persons. The results showed that Buddhism was the most favored religion with 25% in 2014 and in 2019, 26%. Protestantism showed a favorable response of 21% in 2014 and 20% in 2019. Catholicism in 2014 was 16% favorable and in 2019 dropped to 11%. Those who had no good feelings toward religion in 2014 were 38%, in 2019 it rose to 43%. Something for Catholics to ponder and ask why?
Saturday, January 18, 2020
A New Year With the Hope of Peace in Korea
A religious sister begins her column 'In the Eyes of the Believer' of the Catholic Times with a greeting from the Book of Numbers: “May God uncover his face to you and bring you peace"(Numbers 6:26).
She was impressed with "The Two Popes”, a film directed by Fernando Meirelles. The film deals with the meeting of two living popes: Pope Benedict XVI and Pope Francis. Although a fictional melodrama, the film shows the meeting of two popes who have achieved a peaceful transformation of church history. It is a portrayal of two men done realistically, with wit and religious sensitivity.
Personally for the Sister, the most beautiful and impressive scene in the film was the dialogue and confession of the two popes and subsequent blessing. This scene of reconciliation with God, self, and the painful past is a turning point in the film, in church history, expressed as a sign of reconciliation and peace. In hope of a new transformation, she looks back on Pope Francis' World Peace Day message and finds in its words a way of resolving the conflicts in our society.
She often hears stories of nuns who are struggling with the large gatherings (demonstrations for and against government policy) held every weekend—the communities' house is adjacent to the place holding the demonstrations. On the way to and from the home, they hear swearing, spitting, and mild violence from the participants; they are fearful of the threatening atmosphere. On Mondays in the same area before and after the Mass for Peace on the peninsula, they see and hear similar insulting comments. from the believers.
With these experiences, when she looks back at the various conflicts that are currently occurring in Korea, many come from the history of division and ideological conflicts experienced in the past and she feels sad thinking of those who are hurting. The division between the two Koreas is a pain that the whole Korean peninsula suffered, the pain of the church included in society, and since her congregation was founded in Pyongyang, they are waiting for the day of reunification. So as we approach the Lunar New Year, we will feel more pressing our desire for true reconciliation and peace.
Every year, the Church announces the World Peace Day message for the New Year, and in this year's 53rd World Peace Day message, Pope Francis talked about peace as a journey of hope with the theme of dialogue, reconciliation, and ecological conversion. In his discourse, the pope wrote: Don't be limited by what one says or does but what is deep inside and is cherished. He urges all of us to join the journey of peace, listening and understanding each other, a journey of peace through dialogue, forgiveness with patience and trust, and treating each other as brothers and sisters. The Pope also mentions the Japanese atomic bomb victims (Hibakusha) who have kept the scars of war intact and praises them for participating in peace activities as witnesses for future generations as they overcame the pains of the past.
In the film, the two popes differed in many ways, in personality and taste, and different in their way of loving and sacrificing for the Church. But as much as they loved the church, they opened their hearts to one another, listened and empathized with each other for the new transformation of the church, and began a new journey of reconciliation with the world. Even if we have different generations, different realities, different political inclinations, we are eager to listen to each other's pains, to sympathize with them, and to go on a journey of peace through dialogue.
Also, Pope Francis sublimates the wounds and pains of his past misjudgments, reconciling the world with poverty and humility, and bringing peace to the world as a servant of the Church. We hope that like a wounded healer with scars of war, and a Korean peninsula cut at the waist, we will move forward as workers for peace on the Korean peninsula, in Northeast Asia, and even peace in the world.
She was impressed with "The Two Popes”, a film directed by Fernando Meirelles. The film deals with the meeting of two living popes: Pope Benedict XVI and Pope Francis. Although a fictional melodrama, the film shows the meeting of two popes who have achieved a peaceful transformation of church history. It is a portrayal of two men done realistically, with wit and religious sensitivity.
Personally for the Sister, the most beautiful and impressive scene in the film was the dialogue and confession of the two popes and subsequent blessing. This scene of reconciliation with God, self, and the painful past is a turning point in the film, in church history, expressed as a sign of reconciliation and peace. In hope of a new transformation, she looks back on Pope Francis' World Peace Day message and finds in its words a way of resolving the conflicts in our society.
She often hears stories of nuns who are struggling with the large gatherings (demonstrations for and against government policy) held every weekend—the communities' house is adjacent to the place holding the demonstrations. On the way to and from the home, they hear swearing, spitting, and mild violence from the participants; they are fearful of the threatening atmosphere. On Mondays in the same area before and after the Mass for Peace on the peninsula, they see and hear similar insulting comments. from the believers.
With these experiences, when she looks back at the various conflicts that are currently occurring in Korea, many come from the history of division and ideological conflicts experienced in the past and she feels sad thinking of those who are hurting. The division between the two Koreas is a pain that the whole Korean peninsula suffered, the pain of the church included in society, and since her congregation was founded in Pyongyang, they are waiting for the day of reunification. So as we approach the Lunar New Year, we will feel more pressing our desire for true reconciliation and peace.
Every year, the Church announces the World Peace Day message for the New Year, and in this year's 53rd World Peace Day message, Pope Francis talked about peace as a journey of hope with the theme of dialogue, reconciliation, and ecological conversion. In his discourse, the pope wrote: Don't be limited by what one says or does but what is deep inside and is cherished. He urges all of us to join the journey of peace, listening and understanding each other, a journey of peace through dialogue, forgiveness with patience and trust, and treating each other as brothers and sisters. The Pope also mentions the Japanese atomic bomb victims (Hibakusha) who have kept the scars of war intact and praises them for participating in peace activities as witnesses for future generations as they overcame the pains of the past.
In the film, the two popes differed in many ways, in personality and taste, and different in their way of loving and sacrificing for the Church. But as much as they loved the church, they opened their hearts to one another, listened and empathized with each other for the new transformation of the church, and began a new journey of reconciliation with the world. Even if we have different generations, different realities, different political inclinations, we are eager to listen to each other's pains, to sympathize with them, and to go on a journey of peace through dialogue.
Also, Pope Francis sublimates the wounds and pains of his past misjudgments, reconciling the world with poverty and humility, and bringing peace to the world as a servant of the Church. We hope that like a wounded healer with scars of war, and a Korean peninsula cut at the waist, we will move forward as workers for peace on the Korean peninsula, in Northeast Asia, and even peace in the world.
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